Results of a pivotal clinical trial among 7,829 women ages 16-35 in East and Southern Africa provide important evidence to help inform women’s choices for contraception and HIV prevention. The Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Study found no substantial difference in HIV risk among women using the three methods of contraception in the study – the copper-releasing intrauterine device (Cu-IUD), a levonorgestrel (LNG) implant (Jadelle) and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate-intramuscular (DMPA-IM), also known as Depo-Provera.
Transmission
News
June 26, 2019
Resource
June 25, 2019
Injectable, intrauterine, and implantable contraceptives have been prioritised for programmatic delivery because of high contraceptive efficacy and safety. Robust evidence on the relative risks, particularly HIV susceptibility, and benefits of these contraceptive methods is important to inform women's decision making, provider counselling, and policy maker and regulatory decisions. Our primary objective was to compare HIV incidence among women using DMPA-IM, a copper IUD, or a levonorgestrel (LNG) implant.
Resource
May 6, 2019
The level of evidence for HIV transmission risk through condomless sex in serodifferent gay couples with the HIV-positive partner taking virally suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is limited compared with the evidence available for transmission risk in heterosexual couples. The aim of the second phase of the PARTNER study (PARTNER2) was to provide precise estimates of transmission risk in gay serodifferent partnerships.
Resource
April 12, 2019
This study aimed to explore the perceptions and opinions of female school teachers and health workers on HIV-protective benefits of male circumcision and its impact on risk compensatory behaviour among women in Malawi.
Resource
April 12, 2019
Persons with acute HIV infection (AHI) have heightened transmission risk. We evaluated potential transmission reduction using behavioral and biomedical interventions in a randomized controlled pilot study in Malawi.
Resource
April 12, 2019
Contraceptive adherence during acute and recent HIV-1 infection is important to maternal and child health given the elevated risk of vertical HIV-1 transmission and additional complications of pregnancy. Injectable contraception (IC) is the most common non-barrier modern contraception method used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Adherence to IC after HIV-1 seroconversion is not well understood.
Resource
March 4, 2019
The emergence and expansion of the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis epidemic is a threat to the global control of tuberculosis. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is the result of the selection of resistance-conferring mutations during inadequate antituberculosis treatment.
Resource
February 5, 2019
The amount of HIV in your body fluids is called your viral load. Effective HIV treatment (antiretroviral therapy) suppresses the amount of HIV in your body fluids to the point where standard tests are unable to detect any HIV, or can only find a tiny trace. Doctors call this ‘virological suppress
News
January 14, 2019
In recent years, an overwhelming body of clinical evidence has firmly established the HIV Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U) concept as scientifically sound, say officials from the National Institutes of Health.
Resource
January 14, 2019
In 2016, the Prevention Access Campaign, a health equity initiative with the goal of ending the HIV/AIDS pandemic as well as HIV-related stigma, launched the Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) initiative. U = U signifies that individuals with HIV who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and h
